Difference between MCB and RCBO

MCB – Miniature Circuit Breaker and RCBO – Residual Current Circuit Breaker with Overload Protection are circuit protection devices. These devices are commonly used in low-voltage power distribution and can be seen in distribution boards in homes, offices, commercial buildings, etc.

Difference between MCB and RCBO

MCB – Miniature Circuit Breaker RCBO -Residual Current Circuit Breaker with Overload Protection
MCBs can provide protection against overcurrent and short circuits only.RCBOs can provide protection against overcurrent, short circuit, and earth leakage currents.
MCBs are selected based on the load, the maximum short-circuit current it can interrupt safely, and trip curve.RCBOs are a combination of MCB and RCCB. It is selected based on the load and maximum short-circuit current it can interrupt, trip curve, and maximum leakage current.
MCBs monitors the current flow through the line and interrupts the circuits during overload and short circuit.RCBOs not only monitor the current flow through the line but also the return flow in the neutral line. It can interrupt the circuit during overcurrent, short circuit, and earth leakage.
Cannot protect against earth faults.RCBOs can protect against earth faults and electric shocks that MCBs may not do.
MCBs are used to protect lighting circuits, air conditioners, and other home appliances(Other than heaters and devices which have direct contact with water).RCBOs are used for protection against electric shocks. Hence it is mainly used to interrupt the power to water heaters, power sockets, etc. where there is a possibility of occurrence of electric shock.
MCB
MCB
RCBO
RCBO
Difference between MCB and RCBO
For a better understanding watch the video:

MCB and RCBO connection

To detect ground faults, RCBO required a connection to ground. Therefore unlike MCBs, RCBOs has additional terminals/leads for connections to the neutral and the ground.

RCBO wiring connection.
Picture shows the connections mode for RCBO and MCB. It can be seen that the RCBOs have additional connections to the neutral busbar (blue) and the earth busbar (green).

Here is a sample RCBO datasheet.

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